Fractures
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Understanding Fractures and Dislocations
Types of Bone Injuries
Fractures
Fractures are breaks in the bones:
- Closed fractures: Bone is broken without breaking the skin.
- Compound fractures: Bone punctures through the skin.
- Complicated fractures: Involves nerve damage alongside the bone break.
Dislocations
Dislocations occur when a joint comes out of its normal position:
- Definition: Joint separation due to trauma.
Causes of Fractures
Fractures can occur due to various reasons:
- Falling, being hit, joint pulling or twisting, crushing, or bending of a bone.
Symptoms and Signs
Recognising fractures by their symptoms:
- Pain, deformity, bruising, swelling, and immobility around the injured area.
- May observe limb shortening or difficulty in moving the affected part.
- Symptoms vary depending on the location of the fracture (e.g., skull vs. leg).
Types of Fractures
Distinguishing between different fracture types:
- Closed fractures: Skin remains intact with possible bone crack.
- Open fractures: Bone protrudes through the skin, causing additional complications like bleeding and distress.
- Stable fractures: Bone ends remain aligned without movement.
- Unstable fractures: Bone ends can shift, requiring careful handling to prevent tissue damage.
Treatment and First Aid
First aid measures for fractures:
- Immobilize the limb in the found position to prevent further damage.
- Seek professional medical assistance promptly.
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